JAIR

JAIR
JAIR (Heb. יָאִיר; "who gives light"). (1) Family and head of an ancestral house in the tribe of Manasseh (Num. 32:41). According to I Chronicles (2:21–22), Jair was the son of Segub of the tribe of Judah – Segub being a son of Hezron who married a daughter of Machir – but was associated with his mother's tribe and inherited with the sons of Manasseh. According to the Chronicler's account the settlements called Havvoth-Jair resulted from peaceful expansion. According to the Pentateuch's account, however, it was after the defeat of Og, king of Bashan, and the conquest of most of the Transjordanian territory, that the family of Jair took the towns (ḥavvot) of the Amorites in Argob as far as the "border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites" (Deut. 3: 14), i.e., in the region north of the Yarmuk. The ḥavvot were a fertile strip of "fortified cities, with high walls, gates, and bars" (Deut. 3:4–5; I Kings 4:13), up to 60 in all (ibid.). Some have connected Hebrew havva with Ugaritic and Arabic words for "stockade, circle of tents or houses." According to I Chronicles 2:22, the number of the cities of Jair was 23 and the rest belonged to the other sons of Manasseh (ibid., 23). Some of these cities are mentioned in the el-amarna letters (no. 256) and among the cities taken by Thutmose III. Archaeological investigation has revealed that this region was inhabited continuously throughout the Bronze Age. In King Solomon's time this region was a part of the sixth vice-regal division (I Kings 4:13). These havvoth-jair may not have been the same as the ones mentioned in Judges 10:4, which were merely small towns and not fortified cities (see below). (2) Jair of Gilead judged Israel in the generation preceding Jephthah (Judg. 10:3–5) for 22 years. The text hyperbolizes his greatness and wealth (cf. Judg. 12:9–14), stating that he had "thirty sons that rode on thirty ass colts, and they had thirty cities…" There would seem to be some connection between these 30 cities in the land of Gilead and those in the Bashan (possibly it is to these that the text refers in I Kings 4:13). Jair was buried in Qamon, which is probably Qamm, 4 km. (c. 3 mi.) north of Tayyiba in northern Galilee. (Yehoshua M. Grintz / S. David Sperling (2nd ed.) -Jair Son of Manasseh in the Aggadah Jair was born during the lifetime of Jacob and did not die until the children of Israel entered their land (BB 121b). Other sources are more specific and state that Jair was killed during the first, abortive attack on ai . He was in fact the only victim, the "36 men" referred to in Joshua 7:5 being a way of referring to Jair, who was "equal to the majority of the Sanhedrin (of 71)" (Lev. R. 11:7). Abraham had been told by God that all his descendants, with the single exception of Jair, would fall in the battle for the city. As a result of his prayer that this tragedy be averted (Gen. R. 39:16), the decree was reversed and Jair alone fell in the battle (Alphabet of Ben Sira, 49). -BIBLIOGRAPHY: Press, Ereẓ, 1 (1951), 36, S.V. Argov; 2 (1948), 255, S.V. Ḥavvot Ya'ir; Pritchard, Texts, 486; Bergman, in: JPOS, 16 (1936), 235–7. ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: S. Japhet, I & II Chronicles (1993), 80–81; J. Tigay, JPS Torah Commentary Deuteronomy (1996), 36; M. Cogan, I Kings (AB; 2000), 209; B. Levine, Numbers 2136 (AB; 2000), 497–98.

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • JAIR — bezeichnet: Jaïr, ein Richter Israels, der in der Bibel im Buch der Richter erwähnt wird JAIR steht für: Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, ein wissenschaftliches Magazin Jair ist der Name von folgenden bekannten Personen: Diverse: Jair …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jair — bezeichnet: Jaïr, ein Richter Israels, der in der Bibel im Buch der Richter erwähnt wird JAIR steht für: Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, ein wissenschaftliches Magazin Jair ist der Name von folgenden bekannten Personen: Diverse: Jair …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jair — Jaïr Pour les articles homonymes, voir Jaïr (homonymie). Jaïr a été juge d Israël pendant 22 ans. Originaire de la région de Galaad, il avait 30 fils qui possédaient chacun une ville. Ces villes sont appelées Havvoth Jaïr qui signifie douars ou… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jair — Origen Hebreo Género Masculino Significado Dios quiera lucir Zona de uso común Islam , mundo hebreo, sudamé …   Wikipedia Español

  • Jair — Jair, 1) Sohn Manasse, eroberte zur Zeit Mosis die nach ihm genannten Jairdörfer in Basan, 23 an der Zahl; 2) Richter, eroberte die mit der Zeit an die Geschuriten u. Aramäer verloren gegangenen Dörfer wieder, od. besaß dieselben wenigstens; 3)… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • JAIR — i. e. illuminans, vel illuminatus, fil. Segub. 1. Par. c. 2. v. 22. Item Iudex Israelis. Iud. c. 10. v. 13. Item loci nomen. Ios. c. 13. v. 30. In Basantitide reg. civ. tribus Manasle …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Jair — For the Brazilian footballer, see Jair da Rosa Pinto.: For the Brazilian singer, see Jair Oliveira.: For the Baseball player, see Jair Jurrjens.Jair (Hebrew יאיר Ya ir ) was a man from Gilead (Tribe of Manasseh, east of the River Jordan), who… …   Wikipedia

  • Jaïr — Die Richter Israels Buch der Richter Otniël, Sohn des Kenas Ehud, Sohn des Geras Schamgar, Sohn des Anat Debora Barak, Sohn des Abinoam Gideon Abimelech Tola Jaïr Jeftah Ibzan von Bethlehem Elon A …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jaïr — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Jaïr (homonymie). Jaïr a été juge d Israël pendant 22 ans. Originaire de la région de Galaad, il avait 30 fils qui possédaient chacun une ville. Ces villes sont appelées Havvoth Jaïr qui signifie douars ou… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jair —    Enlightener.    1) The son of Segub. He was brought up with his mother in Gilead, where he had possessions (1 Chr. 2:22). He distinguished himself in an expedition against Bashan, and settled in the part of Argob on the borders of Gilead. The… …   Easton's Bible Dictionary

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